In 2014, China officially canceled the policy of temporary cotton purchasing and storage, and launched pilot reforms of cotton target prices in Xinjiang. Recently, the reporter from the Economic Daily reportedly went to the cotton planting area in Xinjiang and learned that for the new policy, the cotton farmers reacted positively and expressed three expectations.
I hope that subsidies will be paid as soon as possible
South Xinjiang in winter, thin snow Ying warm sun. In the village of Kazhar in Kazhe, Horhan Township, Kashi City, the villagers discussed the most important thing was cotton cultivation. “I just heard that the subsidies went to the village. I didn't expect the subsidy funds to arrive so quickly.” The villager Kurban Ayti was careful. “We planted 2.5 mu of cotton and made up 191 yuan per mu, totaling 477.5 yuan.” Like Alban Ayeti, 917 farmers in Haohan Township received a subsidy.
In fact, farmers in Haohan Township only got the first batch of subsidies, which is part of the subsidy by area. According to the Implementation Plan for the Reform of the Cotton Target Price Reform Pilot Program in Xinjiang, the autonomous region’s finances will distribute the subsidies in two parts, 60% according to area, and 40% according to the amount of sales. The latter part of the subsidies has not yet arrived.
Affected by climate, some cotton planting areas in Xinjiang encountered low temperature and windy weather when they emerged. In general, the picking period in 2014 has been delayed by about 20 days from previous years. Late harvest, subsidy funds arrived late. Spring loan back in autumn, in the same period of the ** period, part of the pressure on the loan repayment of cotton farmers, will inevitably affect the creditor's credit, affecting the spring plowing production this year.
"There is a process of calculating the average market price, and the amount of subsidy for sale can not be set quickly." Liu Qingshan, a large cotton producer who harvested in Awati County, said, "I hope to make up the difference soon after calculating the final amount." Ensure the cotton farmers return to the bank promptly."
Two Hopes: Price Information Service to Farmers
The cotton target price released by the country is 19,800 yuan per ton, which is the price of lint. According to Xinjiang's cotton production, the target price per kilogram of seed cotton converted is about 8.4 yuan per kilogram.
Cotton planting areas in Xinjiang are mainly distributed in more than 60 counties and cities and more than 110 groups. About half of the farmers in the region planted cotton. Due to the volatility of cotton prices, many farmers are reluctant to sell at the early stage of cotton harvest. In the Awati County town of Awati County, Dawuti Patricek sent cotton to the processing plant twice. The first time was 2340 kg, seed cotton was 6.57 yuan per kilogram, and the second 300 kg was only 4.5 yuan. Ummeral town peasant Amer Achiniya was sold in full on 23 acres of cotton at 5.96 yuan per kilogram because he did not hire a cotton picker in time. "Cotton is not sold in the bottom of my heart, and it is worth the price to catch up with the price. If there is an expert who gives advice," said Amy Achiniya.
In the cotton and linen company of Awati County, the reporter learned from the conversation with the cotton farmers that the reform pilot publicity is in place. Everyone hopes to publicize the good policies while the relevant departments can provide timely price information to help cotton farmers grasp the timing of selling cotton.
Xiao Wendao of Gansuzi Township, Wusu City planted machine-made cotton. He calculated a bill: the cost of mechanical picking cotton is 190 yuan per mu, and that of artificial cotton picking is 800 yuan per mu. The reporter learned from the interview that the reform pilots inspired the cotton farmers' willingness to use various types of cotton, and many farmers hope to promote machine-picking cotton to work harder.
The Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps has a high degree of organization of production, and its mechanized cotton production ranks among the top in the country. Currently, the machine harvested area accounts for about 70% of the cotton sown area.
However, one-time input of the cotton picker is large, and most farmers have more than enough energy. At present, the mechanized harvesting area of Xinjiang's cotton accounts for only 8% of the total planted area. According to Zhou Yali, a farm machinery expert at the Xinjiang Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, farmers are encouraged to purchase cotton pickers for low interest rates, or to include subsidies for farm machinery purchases, and to expand the scope of machine harvesting. The goal set by the Xinjiang Agricultural Machinery Department is that by 2015, the level of cotton mechanical harvesting will reach 14.73%, and it will reach 35.5% by 2020.
